+<!--
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2024 Lady <https://www.ladys.computer/about/#lady>
+SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+-->
# ⛩️📰 书社
-<b>An X·S·L·T‐based static site generator.</b>
+<b>A make·file for X·M·L.</b>
<dfn>⛩️📰 书社</dfn> aims to make it easy to generate websites with
X·S·L·T and G·N·U Make.
It aims to do this with zero dependencies beyond the programs already
installed on your computer.
+(On Linux machines, you may need to install `libxml2-utils` to get the
+ commandline programs from `libxml2`.)
+
+**Note:**
+⛩️📰 书社 requires functionality present in G·N·U Make 3.81 (or later)
+ and will not work in previous versions, or other implementations of
+ Make.
+Compatibility with later versions of G·N·U Make is assumed, but not
+ tested.
## Nomenclature
5. ⛩️📰 书社 uses the dependency tree to establish prerequisites for
each output file.
-6. ⛩️📰 书社 compiles each output file to `build/public`.
+6. ⛩️📰 书社 compiles each output file to `build/result`.
+
+7. ⛩️📰 书社 copies most output files from `build/result` to
+ `build/public`, but it does some additional processing instead on
+ those which indicate a non‐X·M·L desired final output form.
-7. ⛩️📰 书社 copies the output files to `public`.
+8. ⛩️📰 书社 copies the final resulting files to `public`.
You can use `make list` to list each identified source file or include
alongside its computed type and dependencies.
corresponding buildfile or output file is older than its
prerequisites.
-## Namespaces
+## Name·spaces
-The ⛩️📰 书社 namespace is `urn:fdc:ladys.computer:20231231:Shu1She4`.
+The ⛩️📰 书社 name·space is `urn:fdc:ladys.computer:20231231:Shu1She4`.
-This document uses a few namespace prefixes, with the following
+This document uses a few name·space prefixes, with the following
meanings :—
-| Prefix | Expansion |
-| -------: | :----------------------------------------- |
-| `html:` | `http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml` |
-| `xlink:` | `http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink` |
-| `xslt:` | `http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform` |
-| `书社:` | `urn:fdc:ladys.computer:20231231:Shu1She4` |
+| Prefix | Expansion |
+| ---------: | :-------------------------------------------- |
+| `catalog:` | `urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog` |
+| `exsl:` | `http://exslt.org/common` |
+| `exslstr:` | `http://exslt.org/strings` |
+| `html:` | `http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml` |
+| `svg:` | `http://www.w3.org/2000/svg` |
+| `xlink:` | `http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink` |
+| `xslt:` | `http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform` |
+| `书社:` | `urn:fdc:ladys.computer:20231231:Shu1She4` |
## Setup and Configuration
corresponding (allcaps) variable (e·g, set `MKDIR` to supply your own
`mkdir` implementation).
+- `awk`
- `cat`
+- `cksum`
- `cp`
+- `date`
- `echo`
- `file`
- `find`
+- `git` (optional; set `GIT=` to disable)
+- `ln`
- `mkdir` (requires support for `-p`)
- `mv`
+- `od` (requires support for `-t x1`)
+- `pax` (only when generating archives)
- `printf`
+- `rm`
- `sed`
+- `sleep`
+- `stat`
- `test`
- `touch`
- `tr` (requires support for `-d`)
- `uuencode` (requires support for `-m` and `-r`)
+- `uudecode` (requires support for `-m` and `-r`)
+- `xargs` (requires support for `-0`)
- `xmlcatalog` (provided by `libxml2`)
- `xmllint` (provided by `libxml2`)
- `xsltproc` (provided by `libxslt`)
- **`SRCDIR`:**
The location of the source files (default: `sources`).
+ Multiple source directories can be provided, so long as the same
+ file subpath doesn’t exist in more than one of them.
- **`INCLUDEDIR`:**
- The location of the source files (default: `sources/includes`).
+ The location of source includes (default: `sources/includes`).
This can be inside of `SRCDIR`, but needn’t be.
+ Multiple include directories can be provided, so long as the same
+ file subpath doesn’t exist in more than one of them.
- **`BUILDDIR`:**
The location of the (temporary) build directory (default: `build`).
+ `make clean` will delete this, and it is recommended that it not be
+ used for programs aside from ⛩️📰 书社.
- **`DESTDIR`:**
The location of directory to output files to (default: `public`).
+ `make install` will overwrite files in this directory which
+ correspond to those in `SRCDIR`.
+ It *will not* touch other files, including those generated from files
+ in `SRCDIR` which have since been deleted.
+
+ Files are first compiled to `$(BUILDDIR)/public` before they are
+ copied to `DESTDIR`, so this folder is relatively quick and
+ inexpensive to re·create.
+ It’s reasonable to simply delete it before every `make install` to
+ ensure stale content is removed.
- **`THISDIR`:**
The location of the ⛩️📰 书社 `GNUmakefile`.
This variable is used to find the ⛩️📰 书社 `lib/` folder, which is
expected to be in the same location.
-- **`MAGICDIR`:**
- The location of the magic files to use (default: `$(THISDIR)/magic`).
+- **`MAGIC`:**
+ A white·space‐separated list of magic files to use (default:
+ `$(THISDIR)/magic/*`).
-- **`FINDOPTS`:**
- Options to pass to `find` when searching for source files (default:
- `-LE`).
+- **`EXTRAMAGIC`:**
+ The value of this variable is appended to `MAGIC` by default, to
+ enable additional magic files without overriding the existing ones.
- **`FINDRULES`:**
- Rules to use with `find` when searching for source files (default:
- `-flags -nohidden -and -not -name '.*'`).
+ Rules to use with `find` when searching for source files.
+ The default ignores files that start with a period or hyphen‐minus,
+ those which end with a cloparen, and those which contain a hash,
+ buck, percent, asterisk, colon, semi, eroteme, bracket, backslash,
+ or pipe.
+
+- **`EXTRAFINDRULES`:**
+ The value of this variable is appended to `FINDRULES` by default, to
+ enable additional rules without overriding the existing ones.
+
+- **`FINDINCLUDERULES`:**
+ Rules to use with `find` when searching for includes (default:
+ `$(FINDRULES)`).
+
+- **`EXTRAFINDINCLUDERULES`:**
+ The value of this variable is appended to `FINDINCLUDERULES` by
+ default, to enable additional rules without overriding the existing
+ ones.
- **`PARSERS`:**
A white·space‐separated list of parsers to use (default:
`$(THISDIR)/parsers/*.xslt`).
+- **`EXTRAPARSERS`:**
+ The value of this variable is appended to `PARSERS` by default, to
+ enable additional parsers without overriding the existing ones.
+
- **`TRANSFORMS`:**
A white·space‐separated list of transforms to use (default:
`$(THISDIR)/transforms/*.xslt`).
+- **`EXTRATRANSFORMS`:**
+ The value of this variable is appended to `TRANSFORMS` by default, to
+ enable additional transforms without overriding the existing ones.
+
- **`XMLTYPES`:**
A white·space‐separated list of media types to consider X·M·L
(default: `application/xml text/xml`).
+- **`THISREV`:**
+ The current version of ⛩️📰 书社 (default: derived from the current
+ git tag/branch/commit).
+
+- **`SRCREV`:**
+ The current version of the source files (default: derived from the
+ current git tag/branch/commit).
+
- **`VERBOSE`:**
If this variable has a value, every recipe instruction will be
printed when it runs (default: empty).
- `#!js` for `text/javascript` files
- `@charset "` for `text/css` files
- `#!tsv` for `text/tab-separated-values` files
+- `%%` for `text/record-jar` files (unregistered; see
+ [[draft-phillips-record-jar-01][]])
Text formats with associated X·S·L·T parsers are wrapped in a H·T·M·L
`<script>` element whose `@type` gives its media type, and then
Source files whose media type does not have an associated X·S·L·T
parser are considered “assets” and will not be transformed.
-For compatibility with this program, source filenames should conform to
- the following rules :—
-
-- They should not start with a hyphen‐minus.
- This is to prevent confusion between filenames and options on the
- commandline.
-
-- They should not contain spaces, colons, percent signs, backticks,
- question marks, hashes, or backslashes.
-
-In general, filenames should be such that they do not require
- percent‐encoding in the path component of an i·r·i.
+**☡ For compatibility with this program, source file·names must not
+ contain Ascii white·space, colons (`:`), semis (`;`), pipes (`|`),
+ bucks (`$`), percents (`%`), hashes (`#`), asterisks (`*`), brackets
+ (`[` or `]`), erotemes (`?`), backslashes (`\`), or control
+ characters, must not begin with a hyphen‐minus (`-`), and must not
+ end with a cloparen (`)`).**
+The former characters have the potential to conflict with make syntax,
+ a leading hyphen‐minus is confusable for a command‐line argument, and
+ a trailing cloparen [activates a bug in G·N·U Make
+ 3.81](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17148468/capturing-filenames-including-parentheses-with-gnu-makes-wildcard-function#comment24825307_17148894).
## Parsers
- **`parsers/plain.xslt`:**
Wraps `text/plain` contents in a `<html:pre>` element.
+- **`parsers/record-jar.xslt`:**
+ Converts `text/record-jar` contents into a `<html:div>` of
+ `<html:dl>` elements (one for each record).
+
- **`parsers/tsv.xslt`:**
Converts `text/tab-separated-values` contents into an `<html:table>`
element.
-New ⛩️📰 书社 parsers should have a `<xslt:template>` element with no
- `@name` or `@mode` and whose `@match` attribute…
+New ⛩️📰 书社 parsers which target plaintext formats should have an
+ `<xslt:template>` element with no `@name` or `@mode` and whose
+ `@match` attribute…
-- Starts with an appropriately‐namespaced qualified name for a
+- Starts with an appropriately‐name·spaced qualified name for a
`<html:script>` element.
- Follows this with the string `[@type=`.
```xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<transform
- xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
- xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
- version="1.0"
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+ xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
+ xmlns:书社="urn:fdc:ladys.computer:20231231:Shu1She4"
+ version="1.0"
>
- <template match="html:script[@type='text/plain']">
- <html:pre><value-of select="."/></html:pre>
- </template>
+ <书社:id>example:text/plain</书社:id>
+ <template match="html:script[@type='text/plain']">
+ <html:pre><value-of select="."/></html:pre>
+ </template>
</transform>
```
the set of allowed plaintext file types.
Multiple such `<xslt:template>` elements may be provided in a single
parser, for example if the parser supports multiple media types.
-
-It is **strongly recommended** that all templates in parsers other than
- those described above be namespaced (by `@name` or `@mode`), to avoid
- conflicts between templates in multiple parsers.
+Alternatively, you can set the `@书社:supported-media-types` attribute
+ on the root element of the parser to override media type support
+ detection.
+
+Even when `@书社:supported-media-types` is set, it is a requirement
+ that each parser transform any `<html:script>` elements with a
+ `@type` which matches their registered types into something else.
+Otherwise the parser will be stuck in an endless loop.
+The result tree of applying the transform to the `<html:script>`
+ element will be reparsed (in case any new `<html:script>` elements
+ were added in its subtree), and a `@书社:parsed-by` attribute will be
+ added to each toplevel element in the result.
+The value of this attribute will be the value of the `<书社:id>`
+ toplevel element in the parser.
+
+It is possible for parsers to support zero plaintext types.
+This is useful when targeting specific dialects of X·M·L; parsers in
+ this sense operate on the same basic principles as transforms
+ (described below).
+The major distinction between X·M·L parsers and transforms is where in
+ the process the transformation happens:
+Parsers are applied *prior* to embedding (and can be used to generate
+ embeds); transforms are applied *after*.
+
+It is **strongly recommended** that auxillary templates in parsers be
+ name·spaced (by `@name` or `@mode`) whenever possible, to avoid
+ conflicts between parsers.
+
+### Attributes added during parsing
+
+⛩️📰 书社 will add a few attributes to the output of the parsing step,
+ namely :—
+
+- A `@书社:cksum` attribute on toplevel result elements, giving the
+ `cksum` checksum of the corresponding source file.
+
+- For the elements which result from parsing plaintext `<html:script>`
+ elements :—
+
+ - A `@书社:parsed-by` attribute, giving a space‐separated list of
+ parsers which parsed the node.
+ (Generally, this will be a list of one, but it is possible for the
+ result of a parse to be another plaintext node, which may be
+ parsed by a different parser.)
+
+ - A `@书社:media-type` attribute, giving the identified media type of
+ the plaintext node.
## Embedding
is an asset, in which case an `<html:object>` element is produced
instead (with the contents of the asset file provided as a base64
`data:` u·r·i).
+Embed replacements will be given a `@书社:identifier` attribute whose
+ value will match the `@xlink:href` of the embed.
Embedding takes place after parsing but before transformation, so
parsers are able to generate their own embeds.
and update them accordingly; it will signal an error if the
dependencies are recursive.
+## Output Redirection
+
+By default, ⛩️📰 书社 installs files to the same location in `DESTDIR`
+ as they were placed in their `SRCDIR`.
+This behaviour can be customized by setting the `@书社:destination`
+ attribute on the root element, whose value can give a different path.
+This attribute is read after parsing, but before transformation (where
+ it is silently dropped).
+
## Transforms
Transforms are used to convert X·M·L files into their final output,
⛩️📰 书社 comes with some transforms; namely :—
- **`transforms/asset.xslt`:**
- Converts `<html:object type="text/css">` elements into corresponding
- `<html:link rel="stylesheet">` elements and
- `<html:object type="text/javascript">` elements into corresponding
- `<html:script>` elements.
- This transform enables embedding of `text/css` and `text/javascript`
- files, which ordinarily are considered assets (as they lack
- associated parsers).
+ Converts `<html:object>` elements which correspond to recognized
+ media types into the appropriate H·T·M·L elements, and deletes
+ `<html:style>` elements from the body of the document and moves
+ them to the head.
- **`transforms/metadata.xslt`:**
Provides basic `<html:head>` metadata.
- This metadata is generated from `<html:meta>` descendants of the
- first element with an `@itemscope` attribute (recommended to just
- be the root element).
- Such elements can provide metadata using the following `@itemprop`
- attributes :—
+ This metadata is generated from `<html:meta>` elements with one of
+ the following `@itemprop` attributes :—
- **`urn:fdc:ladys.computer:20231231:Shu1She4:title`:**
Provides the title of the page.
+ ⛩️📰 书社 automatically encapsulates H·T·M·L embeds so that their
+ metadata does not propogate up to the embedding document.
+ To undo this behaviour, remove the `@itemscope` and `@itemtype`
+ attributes from the embed during the transformation phase.
+
+- **`transforms/serialization.xslt`:**
+ Replaces `<书社:serialize-xml>` elements with the (escaped)
+ serialized X·M·L of their contents.
+ This replacement happens during the application phase, after most
+ other transformations have taken place.
+
+ If a `@with-namespaces` attribute is provided, any name·space nodes
+ on the toplevel serialized elements whose U·R·I’s correspond to the
+ definitions of the provided prefixes, as defined for the
+ `<书社:serialize-xml>` element, will be declared using name·space
+ attributes on the serialized elements.
+ Otherwise, only name·space nodes which _differ_ from the definitions
+ on the `<书社:serialize-xml>` element will be declared.
+ The string `#default` may be used to represent the default
+ name·space.
+ Multiple prefixes may be provided, separated by white·space.
+
+ When it comes to name·spaces used internally by ⛩️📰 书社, the
+ prefix used by ⛩️📰 书社 may be declared _in addition to_ the
+ prefix(es) used in the source document(s).
+ It is not possible to selectively only declare one prefix for a
+ name·space to the exclusion of others.
+
+ `<书社:raw-output>` elements may be used inside of
+ `<书社:serialize-xml>` elements to inject raw output into the
+ serialized X·M·L.
+
The following are recommendations on effective creation of
transforms :—
It is likely an error if two transforms have templates which match
the same element (unless the templates have different priority).
-- Namespace templates (with `@name` or `@mode`) whenever possible.
+- Name·space templates (with `@name` or `@mode`) whenever possible.
- Set `@exclude-result-prefixes` on the root `xslt:transform` element
- to reduce the number of declared namespaces in the final result.
+ to reduce the number of declared name·spaces in the final result.
+
+## Global Params
+
+The following params are made available globally in parsers and
+ transforms :—
+
+- **`BUILDTIME`:**
+ The current time.
+
+- **`CKSUM`:**
+ The checksum of the source file (⅌ `cksum`).
+
+- **`IDENTIFIER`:**
+ The ⛩️📰 书社 identifier of the source file (a u·r·i beginning with
+ `about:shushe`).
+
+- **`SRCREV`:**
+ The value of the `SRCREV` variable (if present).
+
+- **`SRCTIME`:**
+ The time at which the source file was last modified.
+
+- **`THISREV`:**
+ The value of the `THISREV` variable (if present).
+
+The following params are only available in transforms :—
+
+- **`CATALOG`:**
+ The path of the catalog file (within `BUILDDIR`).
+
+- **`PATH`:**
+ The path of the output file (within `DESTDIR`).
## Output Wrapping
⛩️📰 书社 will wrap the final output of the transforms in appropriate
`<html:html>` and `<html:body>` elements, so it is not necessary for
transforms to do this explicitly.
-The `<html:head>` of the output will contain the result tree generated
- by matching the root node in the `书社:metadata` mode; the provided
- `transforms/metadata.xslt` transform uses this mode to generate basic
- metadata, but it is possible for other transforms to add their own.
+After performing the initial transform, ⛩️📰 书社 will match the root
+ node of the result in the following modes to fill in areas of the
+ wrapper :—
+
+- **`书社:header`:**
+ The result of matching in this mode is prepended into the
+ `<html:body>` of the output (before the transformation result).
+
+- **`书社:footer`:**
+ The result of matching in this mode is appended into the
+ `<html:body>` of the output (after the transformation result).
+
+- **`书社:metadata`:**
+ The result of matching in this mode is inserted into the
+ `<html:head>` of the output.
+
+In addition to being called with the transform result, each of these
+ modes will additionally be called with a `<xslt:include>` element
+ corresponding to each transform.
+If a transform has a `<书社:id>` top‐level element whose value is an
+ i·r·i, its `<xslt:include>` element will have a corresponding
+ `@书社:id` attribute.
+This mechanism can be used to allow transforms to insert content
+ without matching any elements in the result; for example, the
+ following transform adds a link to a stylesheet to the `<html:head>`
+ of every page :—
+
+```xml
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<transform
+ xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+ xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
+ xmlns:xslt="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+ xmlns:书社="urn:fdc:ladys.computer:20231231:Shu1She4"
+ exclude-result-prefixes="书社"
+ version="1.0"
+>
+ <书社:id>example:add-stylesheet-links.xslt</书社:id>
+ <template match="xslt:include[@书社:id='example:add-stylesheet-links.xslt']" mode="书社:metadata">
+ <html:link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/style.css"/>
+ </template>
+</transform>
+```
+
+Output wrapping can be entirely disabled by adding a
+ `@书社:disable-output-wrapping` attribute to the top‐level element in
+ the result tree.
+It will not be performed on outputs whose root elements are
+ `<书社:archive>`, `<书社:base64-binary>`, or `<书社:raw-text>`
+ (described below).
+
+## Applying Attributes
+
+The `<书社:apply-attributes>` element will apply any attributes on the
+ element to the element(s) it wraps.
+It is especially useful in combination with embeds.
+
+The `<书社:apply-attributes-to-root>` element will apply any attributes
+ on the element to the root node of the final transformation result.
+It is especially useful in combination with output wrapping.
+
+In both cases, attributes from various sources are combined with
+ white·space between them.
+Attribute application takes place after all ordinary transforms have
+ completed.
+
+Both elements ignore attributes in the `xml:` name·space, except for
+ `@xml:lang`, which ignores all but the first definition (including
+ any already present on the root element).
+On H·T·M·L and S·V·G elements, `@lang` has the same behaviour as
+ `@xml:lang`.
+
+## Other Kinds of Output
+
+There are a few special elements in the `书社:` name·space which, if
+ they appear as the toplevel element in a transformation result, cause
+ ⛩️📰 书社 to produce something other than an X·M·L file.
+They are :—
+
+- **`<书社:archive>`:**
+ Each child element with a `@书社:archived-as` attribute will be
+ archived as a separate file in a resulting tarball (this attribute
+ gives the file name).
+ These elements will be processed the same as the root elements of any
+ other file (e·g, they will be wrapped; they can themselves specify
+ non X·M·L output types, ⁊·c).
+ Other child elements will be ignored.
+
+- **`<书社:base64-binary>`:**
+ The text nodes in the transformation result will, after removing all
+ Ascii whitespace, be treated as a Base·64 string, which is then
+ decoded.
+
+- **`<书社:raw-text>`:**
+ A plaintext (U·T·F‐8) file will be produced from the text nodes in
+ the transformation result.
## License
-Source files are licensed under the terms of the <cite>Mozilla Public
- License, version 2.0</cite>.
-For more information, see [LICENSE](./LICENSE).
+This repository conforms to [REUSE][].
+
+Most source files are licensed under the terms of the <cite>Mozilla
+ Public License, version 2.0</cite>.
+
+[REUSE]: <https://reuse.software/spec/>
+[draft-phillips-record-jar-01]: <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-phillips-record-jar-01>
Lady’s Gitweb / Shushe / blobdiff