X-Git-Url: https://git.ladys.computer/Shushe/blobdiff_plain/7ae7c33964113408bd8cdee445d90f8057159515..f6a3b3d4de9b99892c8d9179061546b52a46e471:/README.markdown?ds=inline

diff --git a/README.markdown b/README.markdown
index 55d6f8f..bf353e0 100644
--- a/README.markdown
+++ b/README.markdown
@@ -21,16 +21,12 @@ It makes things easier by :⁠—
 - Enabling easy inclusion of source files within each other.
 
 It aims to do this with zero dependencies beyond the programs already
-  installed on your computer.
-(On Linux machines, you may need to install `libxml2-utils` to get the
-  commandline programs from `libxml2`.)
+  installed on your computer†.
 
-**Note:**
-⛩️📰 书社 requires functionality present in G·N·U Make 3.81 (or later)
-  and will not work in previous versions, or other implementations of
-  Make.
-Compatibility with later versions of G·N·U Make is assumed, but not
-  tested.
+† Assuming an operating system with a fairly featureful, and
+  Posix‐compliant, development setup (e·g, macOS).
+In fact, on Linux you will probably need to install a few programs:
+  `libxml2-utils`, `xsltproc`, `sharutils`, and `pax`.
 
 ## Nomenclature
 
@@ -52,6 +48,99 @@ The name <i lang="cmn-Hans">书社</i> was chosen to play on this pun, as
 In Ascii environments, ⛩️📰 书社 should be written `Shushe`, following
   the pinyin transliteration.
 
+## Prerequisites
+
+In most cases, ⛩️📰 书社 aims to require only functionality which is
+  present in all Posix‐compliant operating systems.
+There are a few exceptions.
+Details on particular programs are given below; if a program is not
+  listed, it is assumed that any Posix‐compliant implementation will
+  work.
+
+### `date`
+
+This is a Posix utility, but ⛩️📰 书社 currently depends on
+  unspecified behaviour.
+When the G·N·U version of `stat` is being used, then the G·N·U version
+  of `date` is also expected.
+
+### `file`
+
+This is a Posix utility, but ⛩️📰 书社 currently depends on
+  unspecified behaviour.
+It requires support for the following additional options :⁠—
+
+- **`-C`**, when supplied with `-m`, must be useable to compile a
+    `.mgc` magicfile for use with future invocations of `file`.
+
+- **`--files-from`** must be useable to provide a file that `file`
+    should read file·names from, and `-` must be useable in this
+    context to specify the standard input.
+
+- **`--mime-type`** must cause `file` to print the internet media type
+    of the file with no charset parameter.
+
+- **`--separator`** must be useable to set the separator that `file`
+    uses to separate file names from types.
+
+These options are implemented by the
+  [Fine Free File Command](https://darwinsys.com/file/), which is used
+  by most operating systems.
+
+### `git`
+
+This is not a Posix utility.
+Usage of `git` is optional, but recommended (and activated by default).
+To disable it, set `GIT=`.
+
+### `make`
+
+This is a Posix utility, but ⛩️📰 书社 currently depends on
+  unspecified behaviour.
+⛩️📰 书社 requires specifically the G·N·U version of `make`, and
+  depends on functionality present in version 3.81 or later.
+It is not expected to work in previous versions, or with other
+  implementations of Make.
+
+### `pax`
+
+This is a Posix utility, but not included in the Linux Standard Base or
+  installed by default in many distributions.
+Only `ustar` format support is required.
+
+### `stat`
+
+This is not a Posix utility, and nor is it particularly portable.
+To get around incompatibilities, ⛩️📰 书社 attempts to recognize G·N·U
+  `stat` by searching for the string `GNU` when invoked with the
+  `--version` option, and falls back to B·S·D behaviour otherwise.
+
+### `uudecode` and `uuencode`
+
+These are Posix utilities, but not included in the Linux Standard Base
+  or installed by default in many distributions.
+The G·N·U [Sharutils](https://www.gnu.org/software/sharutils/) package
+  can be installed to access them.
+
+### `xargs`
+
+This is a Posix utility, but ⛩️📰 书社 currently depends on
+  unspecified behaviour.
+It requires support for the `-0` flag, which must disable the special
+  quote and whitespace handling of `xargs` in favour of null‐terminated
+  strings.
+
+### `xmlcatalog` and `xmllint`
+
+These are not a Posix utilities.
+They is a part of `libxml2`, but may need to be installed separately
+  (e·g by the name `libxml2-utils`).
+
+### `xsltproc`
+
+This is not a Posix utility.
+It is a part of `libxslt`, but may need to be installed separately.
+
 ## Basic Usage
 
 Place source files in `sources/` and run `make install` to compile
@@ -75,7 +164,7 @@ Compilation involves the following steps :⁠—
 
 6. ⛩️📰 书社 compiles each output file to `build/result`.
 
-7. ⛩️📰 书社 symlinks most output files from `build/result` to
+7. ⛩️📰 书社 copies most output files from `build/result` to
      `build/public`, but it does some additional processing instead on
      those which indicate a non‐X·M·L desired final output form.
 
@@ -87,19 +176,23 @@ As this is a Make‐based program, steps will only be run if the
   corresponding buildfile or output file is older than its
   prerequisites.
 
-## Namespaces
+## Name·spaces
 
-The ⛩️📰 书社 namespace is `urn:fdc:ladys.computer:20231231:Shu1She4`.
+The ⛩️📰 书社 name·space is `urn:fdc:ladys.computer:20231231:Shu1She4`.
 
-This document uses a few namespace prefixes, with the following
+This document uses a few name·space prefixes, with the following
   meanings :⁠—
 
-|   Prefix | Expansion                                  |
-| -------: | :----------------------------------------- |
-|  `html:` | `http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml`             |
-| `xlink:` | `http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink`             |
-|  `xslt:` | `http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform`     |
-|  `书社:` | `urn:fdc:ladys.computer:20231231:Shu1She4` |
+|     Prefix | Expansion                                     |
+| ---------: | :-------------------------------------------- |
+| `catalog:` | `urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog` |
+|    `exsl:` | `http://exslt.org/common`                     |
+| `exslstr:` | `http://exslt.org/strings`                    |
+|    `html:` | `http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml`                |
+|     `svg:` | `http://www.w3.org/2000/svg`                  |
+|   `xlink:` | `http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink`                |
+|    `xslt:` | `http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform`        |
+|    `书社:` | `urn:fdc:ladys.computer:20231231:Shu1She4`    |
 
 ## Setup and Configuration
 
@@ -117,21 +210,23 @@ In every case, you may supply your own implementation by overriding the
 - `file`
 - `find`
 - `git` (optional; set `GIT=` to disable)
+- `grep`
 - `ln`
-- `mkdir` (requires support for `-p`)
+- `ls`
+- `mkdir`
 - `mv`
-- `od` (requires support for `-t x1`)
+- `od`
 - `pax` (only when generating archives)
 - `printf`
 - `rm`
 - `sed`
 - `sleep`
-- `stat`
+- `stat` (BSD *or* GNU)
 - `test`
 - `touch`
-- `tr` (requires support for `-d`)
-- `uuencode` (requires support for `-m` and `-r`)
-- `uudecode` (requires support for `-m` and `-r`)
+- `tr`
+- `uuencode`
+- `uudecode`
 - `xargs` (requires support for `-0`)
 - `xmlcatalog` (provided by `libxml2`)
 - `xmllint` (provided by `libxml2`)
@@ -264,12 +359,14 @@ Source files whose media type does not have an associated X·S·L·T
   contain Ascii white·space, colons (`:`), semis (`;`), pipes (`|`),
   bucks (`$`), percents (`%`), hashes (`#`), asterisks (`*`), brackets
   (`[` or `]`), erotemes (`?`), backslashes (`\`), or control
-  characters, must not begin with a hyphen‐minus (`-`), and must not
-  end with a cloparen (`)`).**
+  characters, must not begin with a hyphen‐minus (`-`), must not end
+  with a cloparen (`)`), and must not contain quoted braces (`"{` or
+  `}"`).**
 The former characters have the potential to conflict with make syntax,
-  a leading hyphen‐minus is confusable for a command‐line argument, and
-  a trailing cloparen [activates a bug in G·N·U Make
-  3.81](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17148468/capturing-filenames-including-parentheses-with-gnu-makes-wildcard-function#comment24825307_17148894).
+  a leading hyphen‐minus is confusable for a command‐line argument, a
+  trailing cloparen [activates a bug in G·N·U Make
+  3.81](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17148468/capturing-filenames-including-parentheses-with-gnu-makes-wildcard-function#comment24825307_17148894),
+  and quoted braces are used internally by the program.
 
 ## Parsers
 
@@ -293,7 +390,7 @@ New ⛩️📰 书社 parsers which target plaintext formats should have an
   `<xslt:template>` element with no `@name` or `@mode` and whose
   `@match` attribute…
 
-- Starts with an appropriately‐namespaced qualified name for a
+- Starts with an appropriately‐name·spaced qualified name for a
     `<html:script>` element.
 
 - Follows this with the string `[@type=`.
@@ -350,7 +447,7 @@ Parsers are applied *prior* to embedding (and can be used to generate
   embeds); transforms are applied *after*.
 
 It is **strongly recommended** that auxillary templates in parsers be
-  namespaced (by `@name` or `@mode`) whenever possible, to avoid
+  name·spaced (by `@name` or `@mode`) whenever possible, to avoid
   conflicts between parsers.
 
 ### Attributes added during parsing
@@ -432,6 +529,33 @@ Transforms are used to convert X·M·L files into their final output,
   To undo this behaviour, remove the `@itemscope` and `@itemtype`
     attributes from the embed during the transformation phase.
 
+- **`transforms/serialization.xslt`:**
+  Replaces `<书社:serialize-xml>` elements with the (escaped)
+    serialized X·M·L of their contents.
+  This replacement happens during the application phase, after most
+    other transformations have taken place.
+
+  If a `@with-namespaces` attribute is provided, any name·space nodes
+    on the toplevel serialized elements whose U·R·I’s correspond to the
+    definitions of the provided prefixes, as defined for the
+    `<书社:serialize-xml>` element, will be declared using name·space
+    attributes on the serialized elements.
+  Otherwise, only name·space nodes which _differ_ from the definitions
+    on the `<书社:serialize-xml>` element will be declared.
+  The string `#default` may be used to represent the default
+    name·space.
+  Multiple prefixes may be provided, separated by white·space.
+
+  When it comes to name·spaces used internally by ⛩️📰 书社, the
+    prefix used by ⛩️📰 书社 may be declared _in addition to_ the
+    prefix(es) used in the source document(s).
+  It is not possible to selectively only declare one prefix for a
+    name·space to the exclusion of others.
+
+  `<书社:raw-output>` elements may be used inside of
+    `<书社:serialize-xml>` elements to inject raw output into the
+    serialized X·M·L.
+
 The following are recommendations on effective creation of
   transforms :⁠—
 
@@ -439,10 +563,10 @@ The following are recommendations on effective creation of
   It is likely an error if two transforms have templates which match
     the same element (unless the templates have different priority).
 
-- Namespace templates (with `@name` or `@mode`) whenever possible.
+- Name·space templates (with `@name` or `@mode`) whenever possible.
 
 - Set `@exclude-result-prefixes` on the root `xslt:transform` element
-    to reduce the number of declared namespaces in the final result.
+    to reduce the number of declared name·spaces in the final result.
 
 ## Global Params
 
@@ -547,7 +671,7 @@ In both cases, attributes from various sources are combined with
 Attribute application takes place after all ordinary transforms have
   completed.
 
-Both elements ignore attributes in the `xml:` namespace, except for
+Both elements ignore attributes in the `xml:` name·space, except for
   `@xml:lang`, which ignores all but the first definition (including
   any already present on the root element).
 On H·T·M·L and S·V·G elements, `@lang` has the same behaviour as
@@ -555,7 +679,7 @@ On H·T·M·L and S·V·G elements, `@lang` has the same behaviour as
 
 ## Other Kinds of Output
 
-There are a few special elements in the `书社:` namespace which, if
+There are a few special elements in the `书社:` name·space which, if
   they appear as the toplevel element in a transformation result, cause
   ⛩️📰 书社 to produce something other than an X·M·L file.
 They are :⁠—
@@ -578,6 +702,29 @@ They are :⁠—
   A plaintext (U·T·F‐8) file will be produced from the text nodes in
     the transformation result.
 
+## Pagination
+
+It is possible to have a single source file produce multiple output
+  files via `<书社:page>` elements, whose `@name` gives the name of the
+  page.
+If a parsed document has a `@书社:destination` which contains `%s`,
+  the `%s` will be replaced with the `@name` for each `<书社:page>` (and
+  removed for the main output).
+Otherwise, the `@name` is inserted before the first period of the
+  filename (or at the end of the filename for those with no period).
+If `<书社:page>`s do not have a `@name`, they are numbered
+  sequentially.
+The destination of pages must be in the same directory as their parent.
+
+Pagination essentially forms a limited convenience for the more
+  sophisticated technique of creating an archive with ⛩️📰 书社 and
+  then unarchiving it.
+Pages are, from Make’s point of view, untracked side·effects of
+  installing the main output, meaning they cannot be targeted directly
+  and will not appear in `make list` or `make listout`.
+They are intended solely for the like of indices and feeds, for which
+  convenience and necessity outweigh their flaws.
+
 ## License
 
 This repository conforms to [REUSE][].