X-Git-Url: https://git.ladys.computer/Shushe/blobdiff_plain/c29056b55b54897e5eae3d0a4e407406d4c593c6..97eb35881d058b7e82f034f6ca83cb76c4df4198:/README.markdown diff --git a/README.markdown b/README.markdown index 7c663be..2cefb62 100644 --- a/README.markdown +++ b/README.markdown @@ -21,16 +21,12 @@ It makes things easier by :⁠— - Enabling easy inclusion of source files within each other. It aims to do this with zero dependencies beyond the programs already - installed on your computer. -(On Linux machines, you may need to install `libxml2-utils` to get the - commandline programs from `libxml2`.) + installed on your computer†. -**Note:** -⛩️📰 书社 requires functionality present in G·N·U Make 3.81 (or later) - and will not work in previous versions, or other implementations of - Make. -Compatibility with later versions of G·N·U Make is assumed, but not - tested. +† Assuming an operating system with a fairly featureful, and + Posix‐compliant, development setup (e·g, Macintosh ≥ version 10.8). +In fact, on Linux you will probably need to install a few programs: + `libxml2-utils`, `xsltproc`, `sharutils`, and `pax`. ## Nomenclature @@ -52,6 +48,98 @@ The name 书社 was chosen to play on this pun, as In Ascii environments, ⛩️📰 书社 should be written `Shushe`, following the pinyin transliteration. +## Prerequisites + +In most cases, ⛩️📰 书社 aims to require only functionality which is + present in all Posix‐compliant (`POSIX.1-2001`) operating systems. +There are a few exceptions. +Details on particular programs are given below; if a program is not + listed, it is assumed that any Posix‐compliant implementation will + work. + +### `diff` + +This is a Posix utility, but ⛩️📰 书社 depends on functionality + introduced after `POSIX.1-2001` (the `-u` option, introduced in + `POSIX.1-2008`). +Macintosh systems somewhat interestingly implement this option + correctly in legacy mode (`COMMAND_MODE=legacy`) but incorrectly by + default (despite claiming `POSIX.1-2008` conformance for this + utility). +[Note this erroneous comment claiming nanosecond & timezone are + extensions rather than standardized.][rdar-92753335] +Despite this, the default Macintosh implementation will still work with + ⛩️📰 书社, with the caveat that the timestamp will only include a + fractional component when a Posix⹀compliant (e·g, Macintosh legacy or + G·N·U) implementation is used. + +### `file` + +This is a Posix utility, but it was considered optional in + `POSIX.1-2001` (altho it was made mandatory in `POSIX.1-2008`) and + ⛩️📰 书社 currently depends on unspecified behaviour. +It requires support for the following additional options :⁠— + +- **`-C`**, when supplied with `-m`, must be useable to compile a + `.mgc` magicfile for use with future invocations of `file`. + +- **`--files-from`** must be useable to provide a file that `file` + should read file·names from, and `-` must be useable in this + context to specify the standard input. + +- **`--mime-type`** must cause `file` to print the internet media type + of the file with no charset parameter. + +- **`--separator`** must be useable to set the separator that `file` + uses to separate file names from types. + +These options are implemented by the + [Fine Free File Command](https://darwinsys.com/file/), which is used + by most operating systems. + +### `git` + +This is not a Posix utility. +Usage of `git` is optional, but recommended (and activated by default). +To disable it, set `GIT=`. + +### `make` + +This is a Posix utility, but it is considered an optional Software + Development utility and ⛩️📰 书社 currently depends on unspecified + behaviour. +⛩️📰 书社 requires specifically the G·N·U version of `make`, and + depends on functionality present in version 3.81 or later. +It is not expected to work in previous versions, or with other + implementations of Make. + +### `pax` + +This is a Posix utility, but it is not included in the Linux Standard + Base or installed by default in many distributions. +⛩️📰 书社 only requires support for the `ustar` format. + +### `uudecode` and `uuencode` + +These are Posix utilities, but they were considered optional in + `POSIX.1-2001` (altho they are made mandatory in `POSIX.1-2008`) and + they are not included in the Linux Standard Base or installed by + default in many distributions. +The G·N·U [Sharutils](https://www.gnu.org/software/sharutils/) package + provides one implementation. + +### `xmlcatalog` and `xmllint` + +These are not a Posix utilities. +They are a part of `libxml2`, but may need to be installed separately + on some platforms (e·g by the name `libxml2-utils`). + +### `xsltproc` + +This is not a Posix utility. +It is a part of `libxslt`, but may need to be installed separately on + some platforms. + ## Basic Usage Place source files in `sources/` and run `make install` to compile @@ -75,7 +163,7 @@ Compilation involves the following steps :⁠— 6. ⛩️📰 书社 compiles each output file to `build/result`. -7. ⛩️📰 书社 symlinks most output files from `build/result` to +7. ⛩️📰 书社 copies most output files from `build/result` to `build/public`, but it does some additional processing instead on those which indicate a non‐X·M·L desired final output form. @@ -87,19 +175,23 @@ As this is a Make‐based program, steps will only be run if the corresponding buildfile or output file is older than its prerequisites. -## Namespaces +## Name·spaces -The ⛩️📰 书社 namespace is `urn:fdc:ladys.computer:20231231:Shu1She4`. +The ⛩️📰 书社 name·space is `urn:fdc:ladys.computer:20231231:Shu1She4`. -This document uses a few namespace prefixes, with the following +This document uses a few name·space prefixes, with the following meanings :⁠— -| Prefix | Expansion | -| -------: | :----------------------------------------- | -| `html:` | `http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml` | -| `xlink:` | `http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink` | -| `xslt:` | `http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform` | -| `书社:` | `urn:fdc:ladys.computer:20231231:Shu1She4` | +| Prefix | Expansion | +| ---------: | :-------------------------------------------- | +| `catalog:` | `urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog` | +| `exsl:` | `http://exslt.org/common` | +| `exslstr:` | `http://exslt.org/strings` | +| `html:` | `http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml` | +| `svg:` | `http://www.w3.org/2000/svg` | +| `xlink:` | `http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink` | +| `xslt:` | `http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform` | +| `书社:` | `urn:fdc:ladys.computer:20231231:Shu1She4` | ## Setup and Configuration @@ -110,28 +202,30 @@ In every case, you may supply your own implementation by overriding the - `awk` - `cat` +- `cd` - `cksum` - `cp` - `date` -- `echo` +- `diff` - `file` - `find` - `git` (optional; set `GIT=` to disable) +- `grep` - `ln` -- `mkdir` (requires support for `-p`) +- `mkdir` - `mv` -- `od` (requires support for `-t x1`) +- `od` +- `pax` (only when generating archives) - `printf` - `rm` - `sed` - `sleep` -- `stat` - `test` - `touch` -- `tr` (requires support for `-d`) -- `uuencode` (requires support for `-m` and `-r`) -- `uudecode` (requires support for `-m` and `-r`) -- `xargs` (requires support for `-0`) +- `tr` +- `uuencode` +- `uudecode` +- `xargs` - `xmlcatalog` (provided by `libxml2`) - `xmllint` (provided by `libxml2`) - `xsltproc` (provided by `libxslt`) @@ -220,8 +314,8 @@ The following additional variables can be used to control the behaviour enable additional transforms without overriding the existing ones. - **`XMLTYPES`:** - A white·space‐separated list of media types to consider X·M·L - (default: `application/xml text/xml`). + A white·space‐separated list of media types or media type suffixes to + consider X·M·L (default: `application/xml text/xml +xml`). - **`THISREV`:** The current version of ⛩️📰 书社 (default: derived from the current @@ -231,6 +325,15 @@ The following additional variables can be used to control the behaviour The current version of the source files (default: derived from the current git tag/branch/commit). +- **`QUIET`:** + If this variable has a value, informative messages will not be + printed (default: empty). + Informative messages print to stderr, not stdout, so disabling them + usually shouldn’t be necessary. + This does not (cannot) disable messages from Make itself, for which + the `-s`, `--silent` ∕ `--quiet` Make option is more likely to be + useful. + - **`VERBOSE`:** If this variable has a value, every recipe instruction will be printed when it runs (default: empty). @@ -263,11 +366,11 @@ Source files whose media type does not have an associated X·S·L·T contain Ascii white·space, colons (`:`), semis (`;`), pipes (`|`), bucks (`$`), percents (`%`), hashes (`#`), asterisks (`*`), brackets (`[` or `]`), erotemes (`?`), backslashes (`\`), or control - characters, must not begin with a hyphen‐minus (`-`), and must not - end with a cloparen (`)`).** + characters, must not begin with a hyphen‐minus (`-`), and must not end + with a cloparen (`)`).** The former characters have the potential to conflict with make syntax, - a leading hyphen‐minus is confusable for a command‐line argument, and - a trailing cloparen [activates a bug in G·N·U Make + a leading hyphen‐minus is confusable for a commandline argument, and a + trailing cloparen [activates a bug in G·N·U Make 3.81](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17148468/capturing-filenames-including-parentheses-with-gnu-makes-wildcard-function#comment24825307_17148894). ## Parsers @@ -292,7 +395,7 @@ New ⛩️📰 书社 parsers which target plaintext formats should have an `` element with no `@name` or `@mode` and whose `@match` attribute… -- Starts with an appropriately‐namespaced qualified name for a +- Starts with an appropriately‐name·spaced qualified name for a `` element. - Follows this with the string `[@type=`. @@ -349,7 +452,7 @@ Parsers are applied *prior* to embedding (and can be used to generate embeds); transforms are applied *after*. It is **strongly recommended** that auxillary templates in parsers be - namespaced (by `@name` or `@mode`) whenever possible, to avoid + name·spaced (by `@name` or `@mode`) whenever possible, to avoid conflicts between parsers. ### Attributes added during parsing @@ -431,6 +534,33 @@ Transforms are used to convert X·M·L files into their final output, To undo this behaviour, remove the `@itemscope` and `@itemtype` attributes from the embed during the transformation phase. +- **`transforms/serialization.xslt`:** + Replaces `<书社:serialize-xml>` elements with the (escaped) + serialized X·M·L of their contents. + This replacement happens during the application phase, after most + other transformations have taken place. + + If a `@with-namespaces` attribute is provided, any name·space nodes + on the toplevel serialized elements whose U·R·I’s correspond to the + definitions of the provided prefixes, as defined for the + `<书社:serialize-xml>` element, will be declared using name·space + attributes on the serialized elements. + Otherwise, only name·space nodes which _differ_ from the definitions + on the `<书社:serialize-xml>` element will be declared. + The string `#default` may be used to represent the default + name·space. + Multiple prefixes may be provided, separated by white·space. + + When it comes to name·spaces used internally by ⛩️📰 书社, the + prefix used by ⛩️📰 书社 may be declared _in addition to_ the + prefix(es) used in the source document(s). + It is not possible to selectively only declare one prefix for a + name·space to the exclusion of others. + + `<书社:raw-output>` elements may be used inside of + `<书社:serialize-xml>` elements to inject raw output into the + serialized X·M·L. + The following are recommendations on effective creation of transforms :⁠— @@ -438,10 +568,10 @@ The following are recommendations on effective creation of It is likely an error if two transforms have templates which match the same element (unless the templates have different priority). -- Namespace templates (with `@name` or `@mode`) whenever possible. +- Name·space templates (with `@name` or `@mode`) whenever possible. - Set `@exclude-result-prefixes` on the root `xslt:transform` element - to reduce the number of declared namespaces in the final result. + to reduce the number of declared name·spaces in the final result. ## Global Params @@ -528,7 +658,8 @@ Output wrapping can be entirely disabled by adding a `@书社:disable-output-wrapping` attribute to the top‐level element in the result tree. It will not be performed on outputs whose root elements are - `<书社:raw-text>` or `<书社:base64-binary>` (described below). + `<书社:archive>`, `<书社:base64-binary>`, or `<书社:raw-text>` + (described below). ## Applying Attributes @@ -545,7 +676,7 @@ In both cases, attributes from various sources are combined with Attribute application takes place after all ordinary transforms have completed. -Both elements ignore attributes in the `xml:` namespace, except for +Both elements ignore attributes in the `xml:` name·space, except for `@xml:lang`, which ignores all but the first definition (including any already present on the root element). On H·T·M·L and S·V·G elements, `@lang` has the same behaviour as @@ -553,20 +684,36 @@ On H·T·M·L and S·V·G elements, `@lang` has the same behaviour as ## Other Kinds of Output -There are a few special elements in the `书社:` namespace which, if +There are a few special elements in the `书社:` name·space which, if they appear as the toplevel element in a transformation result, cause ⛩️📰 书社 to produce something other than an X·M·L file. They are :⁠— -- **`<书社:raw-text>`:** - A plaintext (U·T·F‐8) file will be produced from the text nodes in - the transformation result. +- **`<书社:archive>`:** + Each child element with a `@书社:archived-as` attribute will be + archived as a separate file in a resulting tarball (this attribute + gives the file name). + These elements will be processed the same as the root elements of any + other file (e·g, they will be wrapped; they can themselves specify + non X·M·L output types, ⁊·c). + Other child elements will be ignored. + + If the `<书社:archive>` element is given an `@书社:expanded` + attribute, rather than producing a tarball ⛩️📰 书社 will output + the directory which expanding the tarball would produce. + This mechanism can be used to generate multiple files from a single + source, provided all of the files are contained with·in the same + directory. - **`<书社:base64-binary>`:** The text nodes in the transformation result will, after removing all Ascii whitespace, be treated as a Base·64 string, which is then decoded. +- **`<书社:raw-text>`:** + A plaintext (U·T·F‐8) file will be produced from the text nodes in + the transformation result. + ## License This repository conforms to [REUSE][]. @@ -576,3 +723,4 @@ Most source files are licensed under the terms of the Mozilla [REUSE]: [draft-phillips-record-jar-01]: +[rdar-92753335]: