From: Surinna Curtis <redacted>
Date: Sun, 8 Sep 2024 01:50:59 +0000 (-0300)
Subject: First and second verb form for Midekh
X-Git-Url: https://git.ladys.computer/Wiki/commitdiff_plain/6c68c4159bb6f1d2dea5bcf85f2a28f7c3015411?ds=inline

First and second verb form for Midekh
---

diff --git a/Sources/Page/Languages/Midekh.djot b/Sources/Page/Languages/Midekh.djot
index 6282148..2d9e482 100644
--- a/Sources/Page/Languages/Midekh.djot
+++ b/Sources/Page/Languages/Midekh.djot
@@ -192,7 +192,8 @@ an example to express how roots are combined with templates to form
 stems or words.
 
 All noun templates place /i/ between the first two consonants of the
-root, but vary in other positions.
+root, other than the verbal noun patterns which place /ī/ there, a long
+vowel, instead.
 These are summarized below, with more details below:
 
 | pattern | description  | m-d-kʰ   | gender | english gloss            |
@@ -249,9 +250,46 @@ These are summarized below, with more details below:
   Some patterns for common nouns (with the resulting noun's gender in
   brackets) include "+í+o+" (f), "to+i+í+" (n), "te+i++ó" (m),
   "no+i+é+" (f), "si+í+e+" (m).
+* Finally there are verbal noun patterns that are treated below.
 
 Verbs are similarly formed by combining a semantic root with one of
 several patterns.
+Unlike nouns, the patterns for verbs are grouped into several "forms",
+each form consisting of several patterns for different uses of a verb.
+The application of the patterns of a form to a given root are
+considered different variations of the same verb.
+
+Verb forms will be distinguished using a number (e.g. 1st form, 2nd
+form).
+Each form has patterns for the non-past tense stem, the past tense
+stem, the verbal noun, the active participle, and the passive
+participle.
+The verb stems must then be inflected for aspect, mood, aspect, number,
+and person to be used.
+
+The patterns for each verb form are indicated in the following table,
+with information about typical semantics and other properties of the
+forms described after the table.
+
+| Form | non-past | past   | verbal noun | active part. | passive part. |
+|------|----------|--------|-------------|--------------|---------------|
+| 1st  | +é++i    | +e+í+  | +ī++é       | +ó++o        | +o+ó+         |
+| 2nd  | +én+i+   | +e++ín | +î++en      | +ó++on       | +o+nó+        |
+
+* The 1st form refers to the action seen as most directly connected
+  with the meaning of the root.
+  They may be either transitive or intransitive depending on the
+  meaning of the verb, although ditransitive 1st form verbs are rare.
+  The verbal noun is of neuter gender.
+* The 2nd form typically has a meaning related to some action with a
+  lasting effect or impact, although in some cases it is instead an
+  emphatic or more intense version of the root's 1st-form verb.
+  They may be either transitive or intransitive.
+  The verbal noun is of neuter gender.
+* TKTK
+
+
+TKTK
 
 ### Inflectional morphology
 
@@ -301,14 +339,18 @@ TKTK
 
 Format: stem (root): part of speech. gloss (notes).
 
-Parts of speech: **n**oun (**m**asculine, **f*eminine, **n**euter,
-**v**arying by referent), **v**erb (**t**ransitive, **i**ntransitive),
-**adj**ective.
+Parts of speech: **n**oun (**m**asculine, **f**eminine, **n**euter,
+**v**arying by referent), **v**erb (**t**ransitive, **i**ntransitive,
+**d**itransitive), **adj**ective.
+Verbs are listed with the present stem separated from the past stem by
+a slash, but collated according the present stem.
 
 * hêmidokʰ (m-d-kʰ): nv. orator, author, sage
 * hêpisoŋ (p-s-ŋ): nv. cupbearer
 * himidkʰí (m-d-kʰ): nf. word
 * hipisŋí (p-s-ŋ): nf. pond, lake
+* médkhi/medíkh (m-d-kh): vi/vt. speak, say, utter
+* méndikh/medkhín (m-d-kh): vi/vt. write
 * midêkʰ (m-d-kʰ): nf.sg. the Midêkʰ language 
 * midéskʰe (m-d-kʰ): nf. command, order
 * midéskʰe (m-d-kʰ): nm. conversation, dialogue (this can refer to a spoken conversation or a written dialogue)
@@ -316,12 +358,26 @@ Parts of speech: **n**oun (**m**asculine, **f*eminine, **n**euter,
 * mídokʰ (m-d-kʰ): nf. book, scroll
 * mimídkʰo (m-d-kʰ): nn. pen, stylus, other writing instrument
 * mipísŋo (p-s-ŋ): nn. canal
+* mīdkhé (m-d-kh): nn. utterance, speech, act of speaking
+* mîdkhen (m-d-kh): nn. text, act of writing
+* módkho (m-d-kh): adj. speaking, vocal
+* módkhon (m-d-kh): adj. literate, writing
+* modnókh (m-d-kh): adj. written, textual, literary
+* modókh (m-d-kh): adj. spoken, verbal, oral
 * nomidékʰ (m-d-kʰ): nf. message, letter
 * ŋômidkʰo (m-d-kʰ): nm. nonsense, pathetic request
 * nôpisŋo (p-s-ŋ): nm. urine
+* pénsiŋ/pesŋín (p-s-ŋ): vi/vt. pool (intr.); cover in liquid, flood, overflow (trans.)
+* pésŋi/pesíŋ (p-s-ŋ): vi. flow
 * pisêŋ (p-s-ŋ): nm. water 
 * pisésŋe (p-s-ŋ): nm. flood
 * pisŋé (p-s-ŋ): nf.sg. liquids (the state of matter, and the science of its behavior)
+* pīsŋé (p-s-ŋ): nn. act of flowing
+* pîsŋen (p-s-ŋ): nn. pool, puddle, act of pooling
+* pósŋo (p-s-ŋ): adj. flowing, fluid
+* pósŋon (p-s-ŋ): adj. pooling, overflowing, stagnant
+* posnóŋ (p-s-ŋ): adj. submerged, flooded, overflowed
+* posóŋ (p-s-ŋ): adj. watered (as e.g. plants, soil), irrigated
 * simídekʰ (m-d-kʰ): nm. language, script
 * sipíseŋ (p-s-ŋ): nm. mouthful (esp. of liquids)
 * somídikʰ (m-d-kʰ): nn. TKTK (some sort of language place)