Lady’s Gitweb - LesML/blob - README.markdown

   1 <!--
   2 SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2024 Lady <https://www.ladys.computer/about/#lady>
   3 SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
   4 -->
   5 # 💄📝 Les·M·L
   6
   7 <b>Ladys simple markup language.</b>
   8
   9 💄📝 Les·M·L is a document markup language designed with two goals in
  10   mind :⁠—
  11
  12 1. It must be trivial to parse, even with limited tooling such as that
  13      provided by X·S·L·T.
  14
  15 2. It must be sophisticated enough to handle longform hypertext
  16      documents and associated metadata.
  17
  18 It is implemented as an X·S·L·T transformation from a
  19   `<html:script type="text/lesml">` element into H·T·M·L
  20   (`parser.xslt`).
  21
  22 ## Nomenclature
  23
  24 <i>Les·M·L</i> is an abbreviation of the phrase “Ladys Extremely Simple
  25   Markup Language”.
  26
  27 ## Markup Syntax
  28
  29 The first line of any 💄📝 Les·M·L document should be the string
  30   `#!lesml`.
  31 A language tag may follow this, beginning with `@` and terminated with
  32   `$`, like so:
  33 `#!lesml@en$`.
  34 Regardless of whether a language tag is present, the shebang line may
  35   be terminated by a space‐separated list of properties of the form
  36   `key=value`.
  37 Only one property is currently permitted: `profile`, whose value should
  38   be a U·R·I and is translated to the `@data-lesml-profile` attribute
  39   on the resulting `<html:article>` element.
  40
  41 Following the shebang line, document metadata may be provided in the
  42   [Record Jar][draft-phillips-record-jar-01] format.
  43 The body of the document begins after the last line which begins with
  44   the string `%%`, or after the shebang line if none exists.
  45
  46 Multiple documents can be catenated into a single file; a new document
  47   is begun on any line which starts with `#!lesml` or `##`.
  48 Documents in the later case inherit the latest preceding `#!lesml`
  49   declaration.
  50 `##` may be followed by other text; this is treated as an interdocument
  51   comment.
  52
  53 Documents are broken into paragraphs by blank lines.
  54 Empty paragraphs are ignored.
  55 Non·empty paragraphs are classified as follows :⁠—
  56
  57 - If the paragraph consists of only the following section‐break
  58     characters, plus any amount of white·space, then it is
  59     considered to be a section break (`<html:hr>`).
  60
  61   The section break characters are :⁠—
  62
  63   | Character | Codepoint | Unicode Name |
  64   | --------- | --------- | ------------ |
  65   | `*` | `U+002A` | `ASTERISK` |
  66   | `-` | `U+002D` | `HYPHEN-MINUS` |
  67   | `.` | `U+002E` | `FULL STOP` |
  68   | `=` | `U+003D` | `EQUALS SIGN` |
  69   | `_` | `U+005F` | `LOW LINE` |
  70   | `~` | `U+007E` | `TILDE` |
  71   | `·` | `U+00B7` | `MIDDLE DOT` |
  72   | `․` | `U+2024` | `ONE DOT LEADER` |
  73   | `‥` | `U+2025` | `TWO DOT LEADER` |
  74   | `…` | `U+2026` | `HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS` |
  75   | `⁂` | `U+2042` | `ASTERISM` |
  76   | `⋯` | `U+22EF` | `MIDLINE HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS` |
  77   | `─` | `U+2500` | `BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT HORIZONTAL` |
  78   | `━` | `U+2501` | `BOX DRAWINGS HEAVY HORIZONTAL` |
  79   | `┄` | `U+2504` | `BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT TRIPLE DASH HORIZONTAL` |
  80   | `┅` | `U+2505` | `BOX DRAWINGS HEAVY TRIPLE DASH HORIZONTAL` |
  81   | `┈` | `U+2508` | `BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT QUADRUPLE DASH HORIZONTAL` |
  82   | `┉` | `U+2509` | `BOX DRAWINGS HEAVY QUADRUPLE DASH HORIZONTAL` |
  83   | `╌` | `U+254C` | `BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT DOUBLE DASH HORIZONTAL` |
  84   | `╍` | `U+254D` | `BOX DRAWINGS HEAVY DOUBLE DASH HORIZONTAL` |
  85   | `═` | `U+2550` | `BOX DRAWINGS DOUBLE HORIZONTAL` |
  86   | `╴` | `U+2574` | `BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT LEFT` |
  87   | `╶` | `U+2576` | `BOX DRAWINGS LIGHT RIGHT` |
  88   | `╸` | `U+2578` | `BOX DRAWINGS HEAVY LEFT` |
  89   | `╺` | `U+257A` | `BOX DRAWINGS HEAVY RIGHT` |
  90   | `☙` | `U+2619` | `REVERSED ROTATED FLORAL HEART BULLET` |
  91   | `❧` | `U+2767` | `ROTATED FLORAL HEART BULLET` |
  92   | `　` | `U+3000` | `IDEOGRAPHIC SPACE` |
  93   | `・` | `U+30FB` | `KATAKANA MIDDLE DOT` |
  94   | `＊` | `U+FF0A` | `FULLWIDTH ASTERISK` |
  95   | `－` | `U+FF0D` | `FULLWIDTH HYPHEN-MINUS` |
  96   | `．` | `U+FF0E` | `FULLWIDTH FULL STOP` |
  97   | `＝` | `U+FF1D` | `FULLWIDTH EQUALS SIGN` |
  98   | `＿` | `U+FF3F` | `FULLWIDTH LOW LINE` |
  99   | `～` | `U+FF5E` | `FULLWIDTH TILDE` |
 100
 101 - If every line in the paragraph begins with at least one space, then
 102     it is considered to be a quoted paragraph (`<html:blockquote>`).
 103   There is only one level of paragraph quoting; quoted paragraphs may
 104     not be quoted again.
 105
 106 - Otherwise, the paragraph is unquoted.
 107
 108 After this classification, each quoted or unquoted paragraph is further
 109   classified by type based on its first character (which is must be
 110    followed by white·space to be recognized) :⁠—
 111
 112 - If the paragraph begins with `⁌`, it is a chapter heading
 113     (`<html:h1>`).
 114
 115 - If the paragraph begins with `§`, it is a section heading
 116     (`<html:h2>`).
 117
 118 - If the paragraph begins with `❦`, it is a subsection heading
 119     (`<html:h3>`).
 120
 121 - If the paragraph begins with `✠`, it is a subsubsection heading
 122     (`<html:h4>`).
 123
 124 - If the paragraph begins with `•` or `🔢`, it is a primary unordered
 125     or ordered list item (`<html:li class="unordered" data-level="1">`
 126     or `<html:li class="ordered" data-level="1">`).
 127
 128 - If the paragraph begins with `◦` or `🔠`, it is a secondary unordered
 129     or ordered list item (`<html:li class="unordered" data-level="2">`
 130     or `<html:li class="ordered" data-level="2">`).
 131   Secondary list items are considered to be nested inside of primary
 132     list items which precede them.
 133
 134 - If the paragraph begins with `▪` or `🔡`, it is a tertiary unordered
 135     or ordered list item (`<html:li class="unordered" data-level="3">`
 136     or `<html:li class="ordered" data-level="3">`).
 137   Tertiary list items are considered to be nested inside of primary
 138     and secondary list items which precede them.
 139
 140 - If the paragraph begins with `⁃` or `🔣`, it is a quaternary
 141     unordered or ordered list item
 142     (`<html:li class="unordered" data-level="4">` or
 143     `<html:li class="ordered" data-level="4">`).
 144   Quaternary list items are considered to be nested inside of primary,
 145     secondary, and tertiary list items which precede them.
 146
 147 - If the paragraph begins with `※`, it is an ordinary note
 148     (`<html:div role="note" class="note">`).
 149
 150 - If the paragraph begins with `☡`, it is a cautionary note
 151     (`<html:div role="note" class="caution">`).
 152
 153 - If the paragraph begins with `🛈`, it is an informative note
 154     (`<html:div role="note" class="info">`).
 155
 156 - If the paragraph begins with `⯑`, it is a questioning note
 157     (`<html:div role="note" class="query">`).
 158
 159 - If the paragraph begins with `⚠︎`, it is a warning note
 160     (`<html:div role="note" class="warn">`).
 161
 162 - If the paragraph begins with `#`, it is a comment.
 163   Comments produce X·M·L comment nodes and can be used to break up list
 164     items into separate lists.
 165
 166 - If the paragraph begins with `⋯`, it is a continuation paragraph
 167     (`<html:div class="continuation">`).
 168   Continuation paragraphs may be used to continue a preceding list item
 169     or quote.
 170   Note, however, that an unquoted paragraph cannot continue a quoted
 171     one, or vice·versa.
 172
 173 - Otherwise, it is an ordinary paragraph.
 174
 175 Following this sigil (if any, including trailing white·space) there may
 176   be a `¶` followed by zero or more non·white·space characters.
 177 The characters following the `¶` give the identifier for the paragraph,
 178   which is expected to be unique within a document.
 179
 180 The remaining characters in a paragraph form its contents.
 181 Markup within paragraphs is delimited with·out exception by pairs of
 182   characters, with the following precedence :⁠—
 183
 184 - The characters `{🔗` and `>}` indicate a hyperlink to a U·R·L
 185     (`<html:a>`).
 186   The hyperlink must contain at least one `<`; the content before the
 187     last `<` gives the text of the link, and the content after gives
 188     the U·R·L that the link points to.
 189   If no text is given, the U·R·L will be used instead.
 190
 191 - The characters `⸠` and `⸡` indicate a strikethru (`<html:s>`).
 192
 193 - The characters `⸤` and `⸥` indicate underlining (`<html:u>`).
 194
 195 - The characters `⟦` and `⟧` indicate an inline note
 196     (`<html:small role="note">`).
 197
 198 - The characters `⸨` and `⸩` indicate parenthetical content
 199     (`<html:small>`).
 200
 201 - The characters `☞︎` and `☜︎` indicate strong importance
 202     (`<html:strong>`).
 203
 204 - The characters `⹐` and `⹑` indicate emphasis (`<html:em>`).
 205
 206 - The characters `⟪` and `⟫` indicate titles (`<html:cite>`).
 207
 208 - The characters `⟨` and `⟩` indicate offset text (`<html:i>`).
 209   This may be followed by a `@`, a language tag, and a `$` to provide
 210     the language of the text.
 211
 212 - The characters `⦃` and `⦄` indicate keyword highlighting
 213     (`<html:b>`).
 214
 215 - The characters `` ` `` and `´` indicate code (`<html:code>`).
 216
 217 Once the tree is built as above, it is remediated into its final form
 218   by the following steps :⁠—
 219
 220 - Successive quoted paragraphs are joined into one quote.
 221   If the final quoted paragraph is an ordinary paragraph which begins
 222     with `—` and a space, the quote is wrapped in a `<html:figure>`
 223     and the final paragraph becomes its `<html:figcaption>`.
 224
 225 - Continuation paragraphs are joined with the preceding list items or
 226     quotes.
 227
 228 - List items of a higher level are nested in preceding list items, when
 229     present.
 230
 231 - Successive list items of the same level and class are joined into
 232     a single list.
 233
 234 Finally, any character can be escaped by instead providing its Unicode
 235   codepoint in the form `<U+NNNN>`, where `NNNN` is one or more
 236   hexadecimal digits.
 237 Multiple codepoints may be provided separated by periods, as in
 238   `<U+WWWW.ZZZZ>`
 239
 240 ## Usage
 241
 242 💄📝 Les·M·L is designed for usage with [⛩📰 书社][Shushe].
 243 Simply include the `parser.xslt` provided by this repository to
 244   ⛩📰 书社 as an additional parser, and `magic` as an additional
 245   magic file.
 246
 247 ## License
 248
 249 This repository conforms to [REUSE][].
 250
 251 The parser is licensed under the terms of the <cite>Mozilla Public
 252   License, version 2.0</cite>.
 253
 254 [REUSE]: <https://reuse.software/spec/>
 255 [Shushe]: <https://git.ladys.computer/Shushe/>
 256 [draft-phillips-record-jar-01]: <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-phillips-record-jar-01>