Lady’s Gitweb - Status/blob - README.markdown

   1 # x_status_git
   2
   3 A minimal git‐based microblog.
   4
   5 ## What It Is
   6
   7  +  A Python script, `post-receive`, suitable for use as a post‐receive
   8       Git hook, which generates a number of `.jsonld` files from a
   9       source repository of text posts.
  10
  11  +  A small collection of H·T·M·L files designed to display the
  12       generated `.jsonld` in a human‐readable fashion.
  13
  14 ## What It Is Not
  15
  16  +  A server or server configuration (you will need to supply these
  17       yourself; see below).
  18
  19  +  Suitable for deployment on a simple filesystem server like
  20       NeoCities or GitHub Pages (it requires both Git hooks and H·T·T·P
  21       routing).
  22
  23  +  Interactive in any way (i·e “social media”).
  24
  25  +  Compatible with the ActivityPub fediverse (or any other push‐based
  26       social media platform).
  27
  28 ## Script Configuration
  29
  30 You will need to edit the `post-receive` script to adjust the following
  31   constants to match your setup :—
  32
  33  +  **`GIT_DIRECTORY`**:
  34     The absolute path to this Git repository on your server.
  35     It is expected that this will be a bare repository (ending in
  36       `.git`).
  37
  38  +  **`BUILD_DIRECTORY`**:
  39     In order to access the files when you push, the repository will be
  40       checked out here.
  41     **This directory will be deleted on every push.**
  42
  43  +  **`PUBLIC_DIRECTORY`**:
  44     The directory that your server serves files from.
  45     **This directory will be deleted on every push,** so if you need to
  46       serve additional files (i·e those not generated by this script),
  47       you should place those files in a different directory and adjust
  48       your server configuration accordingly.
  49     Note that the `post-receive` script and associted H·T·M·L files
  50       provided by this repository expect a certain server configuration
  51       described below.
  52
  53   +  **`PUBLIC_URL`**:
  54      The U·R·L that you are serving your site from (with no trailing
  55        slash).
  56      You cannot serve Status.git from a subdirectory.
  57
  58 A `Makefile` is provided to make installing the `post-receive` script
  59   on your server easy (assuming you have `ssh` access).
  60 You’ll need to supply some variables there, too :—
  61
  62  +  **`USERNAME`**:
  63     Your SSH username.
  64
  65  +  **`DOMAIN`**:
  66     The domain or other address of your site.
  67
  68  +  **`GIT_REPOSITORY`**:
  69     The absolute path to this Git repository, as above.
  70
  71 ## Server Configuration
  72
  73 Your server should be configured to serve the following files from the
  74   provided `PUBLIC_DIRECTORY` in response to the following requests.
  75 For people using Caddy to serve their content, a sample `Caddyfile` is
  76   included in this repository.
  77
  78 ### H·T·M·L responses
  79
  80 These responses **must** be served with a `Content-Type` of
  81   `text/html;charset=UTF-8` (or equivalent).
  82 Note that these paths **do not** have a trailing slash.
  83
  84  +  **`GET /`**:
  85     Serve the file at `/index.html`.
  86     A `Link` header with the value
  87       `</about.jsonld>;rel=meta;type="application/ld+json"` (or
  88       equivalent) **must** be provided.
  89
  90  +  **`GET /about`**:
  91     Serve the file at `/.about.html`.
  92     A `Link` header with the value
  93       `</about.jsonld>;rel=meta;type="application/ld+json"` (or
  94       equivalent) **must** be provided.
  95
  96  +  **`GET /statuses`**:
  97     Serve the file at `/.statuses.html`.
  98     A `Link` header with the value
  99       `</statuses.jsonld>;rel=meta;type="application/ld+json"` (or
 100       equivalent) **must** be provided.
 101
 102  +  **`GET /statuses/$YYYY-MM`** (where `$YYYY-MM` is an `xsd:gYearMonth`):
 103     Serve the file at `/.topic.html`.
 104     A `Link` header with the value
 105       `</$YYYY-MM.jsonld>;rel=meta;type="application/ld+json"` (or
 106       equivalent) **must** be provided.
 107
 108  +  **`GET /statuses/$YYYY-MM/*`** (where `$YYYY-MM` is an `xsd:gYearMonth`):
 109     Serve the file at `/.status.html`.
 110     A `Link` header with the value
 111       `</$YYYY-MM.jsonld>;rel=meta;type="application/ld+json"` (or
 112       equivalent) **must** be provided.
 113
 114  +  **`GET /topics`**:
 115     Serve the file at `/.topics.html`.
 116     A `Link` header with the value
 117       `</topics.jsonld>;rel=meta;type="application/ld+json"` (or
 118       equivalent) **must** be provided.
 119
 120  +  **`GET /topics/$TOPIC`** (where `$TOPIC` matches `[0-9A-Za-z_-]+`):
 121     Serve the file at `/.topic.html`.
 122     A `Link` header with the value
 123       `</$TOPIC.jsonld>;rel=meta;type="application/ld+json"` (or
 124       equivalent) **must** be provided.
 125
 126  +  **`GET /topics/$TOPIC/*`** (where `$TOPIC` matches
 127       `[0-9A-Za-z_-]+`):
 128     Serve the file at `/.status.html`.
 129     A `Link` header with the value
 130       `</$TOPIC.jsonld>;rel=meta;type="application/ld+json"` (or
 131       equivalent) **must** be provided.
 132
 133 ### X·H·T·M·L responses
 134
 135 These responses **must** be served with a `Content-Type` of
 136   `application/xhtml+xml` (or equivalent).
 137 Note that these paths **do not** have a trailing slash.
 138
 139  +  **`GET /$IRI`** (where `$IRI` contains a colon and no slash):
 140     Serve the file at `/.lookup.xhtml`.
 141     This can be used to look up statuses by their identifier.
 142
 143 ### Json‐L·D responses
 144
 145 These responses **should** be served with a `Content-Type` of
 146   `application/ld+json`.
 147 In all cases, for `/$PATH.jsonld`, this just serves the file at
 148   `/$PATH/index.jsonld`.
 149
 150  +  **`GET /about.jsonld`**:
 151     Serve the file at `/about/index.jsonld`.
 152
 153  +  **`GET /statuses.jsonld`**:
 154     Serve the file at `/statuses/index.jsonld`.
 155
 156  +  **`GET /statuses/$YYYY-MM.jsonld`** (where `$YYYY-MM` is an
 157       `xsd:gYearMonth`):
 158     Serve the file at `/$YYYY-MM/index.jsonld`.
 159
 160  +  **`GET /topics.jsonld`**:
 161     Serve the file at `/topics/index.jsonld`.
 162
 163  +  **`GET /topics/$TOPIC.jsonld`** (where `$TOPIC` matches
 164       `[0-9A-Za-z_-]+`):
 165     Serve the file at `/topics/$TOPIC/index.jsonld`.
 166
 167 ### Atom responses
 168
 169 These responses **should** be served with a `Content-Type` of
 170   `application/atom+xml`.
 171 In all cases, for `/$PATH.atom`, this just serves the file at
 172   `/$PATH/index.atom`.
 173
 174  +  **`GET /statuses.atom`**:
 175     Serve the file at `/statuses/index.atom`.
 176
 177  +  **`GET /statuses/$YYYY-MM.atom`** (where `$YYYY-MM` is an
 178       `xsd:gYearMonth`):
 179     Serve the file at `/$YYYY-MM/index.atom`.
 180
 181  +  **`GET /topics/$TOPIC.atom`** (where `$TOPIC` matches
 182       `[0-9A-Za-z_-]+`):
 183     Serve the file at `/topics/$TOPIC/index.atom`.
 184
 185 ### Other Headers
 186
 187 All responses **should** have a `Access-Control-Allow-Origin` header
 188   with a value of `*` (assuming your server does not use credentials
 189   and is not being served behind a firewall).
 190
 191 ## Committing Statuses To Git
 192
 193 The `post-receive` script will run whenever you make a commit to the
 194   `live` branch, which should be set as your default.
 195 Statuses are represented by a small collection of files committed to
 196   particular locations in this repository :—
 197
 198  +  Files committed to `/YYYY/MM/DD/HH.MM.SSZ/` (the final component
 199       can actually take any form but a time is **recommended**) are
 200       ordinary statuses.
 201
 202  +  Files committed to `/topic/TOPICNAME/a/b/c/d/xxxx` (where `a`, `b`,
 203       `c`, and `d` are lowercase hexadecimal digits and `xxxx` can be
 204       anything) is a status posted to a specific topic (`TOPICNAME`).
 205     It is **recommended** that you make `a/b/c/d` the first four digits
 206       of an MD5 hash of the status content and `xxxx` the remaining
 207       digits (security is not an issue here, so MD5 is fine).
 208     `TOPICNAME` should have the form `[0-9A-Za-z_-]+`.
 209
 210 The intent is that “ordinary statuses” are a bit more ephemeral whereas
 211   “topic statuses” can serve as reference material.
 212 Using an MD5 hash for topic statuses ensures you don’t post the same
 213   thing twice.
 214
 215 The files which represent a status are as follows :—
 216
 217  +  **`text`**:
 218     The text of the status.
 219     Blank lines separate paragraphs; linebreaks will be preserved.
 220     There is a special markup for links: `<https://link.example>`, or
 221       `<https://link.example>="link text"` if you want to supply link
 222       text.
 223     At present, no other markup is supported.
 224
 225  +  **`0=x_status_git_1.0`**:
 226     This file is **optional** and not currently used for anything, but
 227       indicates that the post follows the `1.0` format.
 228     The contents of this file, if present, **must** be
 229       `x_status_git_1.0`, optionally followed by a trailing newline.
 230
 231  +  **`1=NAME`** (where `NAME` might be anything):
 232     This file is **recommended** and indicates the author of the
 233       status.
 234     Only one author is currently supported.
 235     The value of `NAME` **must** give the name of the author of the
 236       status.
 237     The contents of this file **must** give the author’s URL,
 238       optionally followed by a trailing newline.
 239
 240  +  **`2=TITLE`** (where `TITLE` might be anything):
 241     This file is **optional** and indicates the title of the status.
 242     The value of `TITLE` **should** be a file·system‐friendly version
 243       of the title, but is ignored.
 244     The contents of this file **must** give the title of the status,
 245       optionally followed by a trailing newline.
 246
 247  +  **`3=YYYY-MM-DD`** (where `YYYY-MM-DD` is a date):
 248     This file is **required** and indicates the date of the status.
 249     Only one date is currently supported.
 250     The value of `YYYY-MM-DD` **should** give the date of the status,
 251       although this is not used (in favour of the full timestamp).
 252     The contents of this file **must** give the full `xsd:dateTime`
 253       timestamp of the status, optionally followed by a trailing
 254       newline.
 255
 256  +  **`4=IDENTIFIER`** (where `IDENTIFIER` might be anything):
 257     This file is **required** and provides an identifier for the
 258       status.
 259     Only one identifier is currently supported.
 260     The contents of this file **must** be an I·R·I which uniquely
 261       identifies the status (for example, a U·U·I·D or `tag:` URI).
 262     The value of `IDENTIFIER` **must** be a locally‐unique identifier
 263       for the status and **should** resemble the contents where
 264       possible.
 265     (Note, however, that `IDENTIFIER` cannot contain slashes and need
 266       not be a valid I·R·I.)
 267
 268 Files with names that begin with the strings `2=` or `x_status_git_`
 269   are reserved for backwards‐compatible extensions.
 270
 271 x_status_git has no opinion on how these files make their way into the
 272   Git repository, except that all the files for a single status should
 273   be added in the same commit.
 274 The intention is that the simple nature of these files will make them
 275   easy to automate.
 276
 277 ## I Am Computer, How Do I Get Status?
 278
 279 Assume you are given a U·R·L `resource_url` which you think points to
 280   some kind of x_status_git resource.
 281 Start by resolving it as follows :—
 282
 283 01. Make a `HEAD` request to `resource_url`.
 284
 285 02. If there is a `Link` header with a `rel` of `meta` and a `type` of
 286       `application/ld+json`, set `resource_url` to the URL provided in
 287       that header and restart these steps from step 1.
 288
 289 03. Make a `GET` request to `resource_url` and let `response` be the
 290       response.
 291
 292 04. Set `document` as follows :—
 293
 294     01. If the `Content-Type` header of `response` has a type of `text`
 295           and subtype of `html`, let `document` be the result of
 296           processing the body of `response` into a D·O·M tree as an
 297           H·T·M·L document .
 298         It is an error if this process fails.
 299
 300     02. If the `Content-Type` header of `response` has a type of
 301           `application` and a subtype which is `xml` or which ends in
 302           `+xml`, let `document` be the result of processing the body
 303           of `response` into a D·O·M tree as an X·M·L document .
 304         It is an error if this process fails.
 305
 306     03. Otherwise, let `document` be null.
 307
 308 05. If `document` is not null :—
 309
 310     01. If there is a `<link>` element in either the H·T·M·L namespace
 311           or the Atom namespace in `document` with a `rel` of `meta`
 312           and a `type` of `application/ld+json`, set `resource_url` to
 313           the `href` of that `<link>` element and restart these steps
 314           from step 1.
 315         If multiple such elements exist, choose the first one.
 316
 317     02. Otherwise, it is an error.
 318
 319 06. If the body of `response` is not a Json document, it is an error.
 320
 321 Assuming the U·R·L you were given was valid, you will end this
 322   algorithm with a Json‐L·D response, and you can use the `@type`
 323   attribute to determine the response type.
 324 `@type` will be either a string or an array.
 325
 326  +  If the `@type` is or contains `Forum`, the resource is a collection
 327       of topics.
 328
 329  +  If the `@type` is or contains `Thread`, the resource is a
 330       collection of statuses.
 331
 332  +  If the `@type` is or contains `Microblog`, the resource describes
 333       this site as a whole.
 334     The `streams` property will contain a list of available `Forum`s
 335       and `Thread`s, as objects with an `@id` and `@type`.
 336
 337 The items in the collection (`Forum` or `Thread`) may be determined
 338   through one of the following methods :—
 339
 340  +  If the `@type` is or contains `CollectionPage` or
 341       `OrderedCollectionPage`, then its `items` will contain resources.
 342     This is a partial collection, and the `prev` and `next` properties
 343       can be used to access further items from the parent collection
 344       (indicated by `partOf`).
 345     `first` and `current`, in this scenario, point “horizontally” to
 346       the first and latest pages of items, not to subpages.
 347
 348  +  If the `@type` is or contains `Collection` or `OrderedCollection`
 349       and the resource has `first` and/or `current` properties, then
 350       the `items` property will not be present.
 351     `first` and `current` can be accessed to provide
 352       `OrderedCollectionPage`s listing the items of the collection.
 353
 354  +  Otherwise, the `items` property will contain every item in the
 355       collection.
 356
 357 Statuses themselves have the following properties :—
 358
 359  +  **`@id`**:
 360     The identifier of the status.
 361
 362  +  **`@type`**:
 363     The value `MicroblogPost`.
 364
 365  +  **`created`** [`dcterms:created`]:
 366     The creation date for the status, as an `xsd:dateTime`.
 367
 368  +  **`creator`** [`dcterms:creator`] (optional):
 369     The author of the status, as an object with an `@id` and `name`
 370       [`foaf:name`].
 371
 372  +  **`identifier`** [`dcterms:identifier`]:
 373     An I·R·I which uniquely identifies the status.
 374     This differs from the `@id` in that it is not expected to be
 375       dereferenceable.
 376
 377  +  **`subject`** [`dcterms:subject`] (optional):
 378     The topic of the status, for topic statuses.
 379
 380  +  **`title`** [`dcterms:title`] (optional):
 381     The title of the status.
 382
 383  +  **`content`** [`sioc:content`]:
 384     The content of the status, as an `rdf:XMLLiteral`.